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[1]吴彬彬,李尧誉,龙恭博*,等. 基于“辩证”思路的水力压裂数值计算 [J].武汉工程大学学报,2026,48(03):343-348.[doi:10.19843/j.cnki.CN42-1779/TQ.202509002]
　WU Binbin,LI Yaoyu,LONG Gongbo*,et al.Numerical simulation of hydraulic fracturing based on a dialectical approach [J].Journal of Wuhan Institute of Technology,2026,48(03):343-348.[doi:10.19843/j.cnki.CN42-1779/TQ.202509002]
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基于“辩证”思路的水力压裂数值计算
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《武汉工程大学学报》[ISSN:1674-2869/CN:42-1779/TQ]

卷:
48
期数:
2026年03期
页码:
343-348
栏目:
智能制造
出版日期:
2026-06-30

文章信息/Info

Title:
Numerical simulation of hydraulic fracturing based on a dialectical approach
文章编号:
1674 - 2869（2026）03 - 0343 - 06
作者:

武汉工程大学机电工程学院，湖北 武汉 430205
Author(s):

School of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering, Wuhan Institute of Technology, Wuhan 430205, China
关键词:
水力压裂; 应力阴影效应; 地应力梯度; 射孔数; 数值计算
Keywords:
分类号:
TE357.1
DOI:
10.19843/j.cnki.CN42-1779/TQ.202509002
文献标志码:
A
摘要:
在水力压裂作业中，为应对应力阴影效应及地应力梯度的不利作用，往往需施加较高的射孔摩阻。然而，该操作易导致井底压力异常升高，进而可能引发压裂施工失败。针对该问题，使用FrackOptima全三维水力压裂软件和前期研究提出的射孔冲蚀模型与滤失模型建立算例，采用综合性边界元法对网格进行离散化处理，并结合时间步长算法进行流固耦合数值仿真，定量研究了射孔数目分布对裂缝最终形态、压裂液分布以及井底压力的影响规律。研究结果表明，为了获得较均匀的多簇裂缝形态和压裂液分布，不需要使用射孔摩阻同时克服应力阴影效应和地应力梯度，而是辩证地将二者分别对待：在地应力较小的区域，主要影响因素是应力阴影效应，此时应设置较少的射孔数，提高射孔摩阻克服应力阴影效应；而在地应力较大的区域，主要影响因素是地应力梯度，此时应适当增加射孔数，确保足够的压裂液流体压力去克服地应力梯度。在本文算例参数条件下，4个射孔簇的孔眼数分别为12、14、16、24时，可以确保井底压力在实际压裂安全范围内，同时实现较均匀的多簇裂缝形态和压裂液分布。这一“辩证”思路能够为高效、安全的实际压裂方案设计提供理论指导。
Abstract:
In hydraulic fracturing, excessively high perforation friction pressure is often required to overcome the adverse effects of both stress shadowing and in situ stress gradients, which can lead to excessive downhole pressure and?eventual fracturing failure. To address this issue,?in this study we established numerical cases using the full 3D hydraulic fracturing simulator FrackOptima, along with a previously developed perforation erosion model and fluid loss model. Discretization was performed using a combined boundary element method, and fluid-solid coupling was simulated numerically with a time-stepping algorithm. The influence of perforation cluster distribution on final fracture geometry, fracturing fluid distribution, and downhole pressure was quantitatively investigated. The results indicated that achieving relatively uniform multi-fracture geometry and fluid distribution did not require the use of perforation friction to simultaneously overcome both stress shadowing and the in situ stress gradient. Instead, a dialectical approach should be adopted, treating the two factors separately: in regions with lower in situ stress, stress shadowing is the dominant factor, and fewer perforations should be used to increase perforation friction to counteract it; in regions with higher in situ stress, its gradient dominates, and perforation numbers should be appropriately increased to ensure sufficient fluid pressure to overcome the stress gradient. Under the parameters used in this study, a perforation distribution of 12, 14, 16, and 24 across four clusters ensured that downhole pressure remained within the safe range for practical fracturing operations while achieving relatively uniform multi-fracture geometry and fluid distribution. This dialectical reasoning provides theoretical guidance for designing efficient and safe fracturing treatments.


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备注/Memo

备注/Memo:
收稿日期：2025-09-03
基金项目：湖北省自然科学基金(2019CFB103); 湖北省教育厅重点项目(D20201505)
作者简介：吴彬彬，硕士研究生。Email：wubinbin47@163.com
*通信作者：龙恭博，博士，副教授。Email：longgongbo@163.com
更新日期/Last Update: 2026-06-26